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Garaeus
Moore
Type species: specularis Moore (India to Japan).
Synonyms: Drepanopsis Warren (type species ferrugata Warren,
N. India); Epifidonia Butler (type species signata Butler, N.
India).
This genus consists of slender to robust, usually reddish species with
somewhat falcate forewings that have a gently sinuous costa, concave distally.
The forewing postmedial is oblique, usually associated with a paler patch at the
costa, and is reflected on the hindwing by a medial fascia that may have similar
pale patches centrally and towards the dorsum. The male antennae are strongly
bipectinate, those of the female slightly serrate to shortly bipectinate
(Bornean species).
The most reliable definitive feature is in the male genitalia where the
furca is strongly developed on the right side only, a long, curved spine,
arising subapically from an ovate basal part that is distally setose. The
coremata are usually only weakly developed; the uncus tends to be short,
tapering. The aedeagus apex is acute.
The female genitalia (altapicata Holloway) have slight pouches
lateral to the ostium. The ductus and bursa are elongate, not clearly defined
from each other. The former with a zone of scrolled sclerotisation basally and a
separate, fluted, scobinate zone distal to it. The signum is distal,
asymmetrically rugose, unstalked.
The resting posture of the adult, illustrated by Sugi (1987), may be
characteristic. The forewings are flexed upwards from a central longitudinal
fold.
The early stages of the type species have been described by Sevastopulo
(1947) and illustrated by Sugi (1987). The larva in Japan is elongate, slender,
grey, marked and irrorated with brown, these markings being reduced or absent on
the head, anal area, and in two elliptical grey patches centrally, dorsally.
Sevastopulo referred to the larva in India as mottled dark coffee-brown, with
traces of a blackish dorsal line. A3 has a subdorsal white dot anteriorly, A2 a
greyish dorsal streak. T1 has projecting subdorsal fleshy processes and A8 a
double dorsal wart.
Host plants given (Sato & Nakajima, 1975; Miyata, 1983) are: Betula
(Betulaceae); Viburnum, Weigela (Caprifoliaceae); Cornus (Cornaceae);
Rhododendron (Ericaceae); Ligustrum (Oleaceae); Rubus (Rosaceae);
Ulmus (Ulmaceae). Sugi (1987) referred to the species as a general tree
feeder.
The genus is predominantly Oriental. Four species occur in Borneo.
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