SUBFAMILY EUTELIINAE
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Anuga constricta Guenée
   
Anuga constricta
Guenée, 1852, Hist. nat. Insectes, Spec. gen. Lepid. 6: 308.
   
Caecila complexa Walker, 1858, List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln. Br. Mus. 15: 1825.
   
Spersara glaucopoides Walker, [1863] 1864, J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool 7: 175.
   
Cremnodes macrocera Snellen, 1880, Tijdschr. Ent. 23: 90.


Anuga constricta


Diagnosis.
This species is smaller than most other Anuga, the narrow, dark grey forewings distinguishing it from them, especially canescens; there are sometimes lighter grey areas around the stigmata and submarginally. On the hindwings there are two subtornal rows of white spots, the outermost grading into a pale bar at the tornus. In the male genitalia the aedeagus vesica is distinguished by two bands of coarse scobination.

Geographical range. Oriental tropics to Sundaland, Philippines and Sulawesi.

Habitat preference. During the Mulu survey the species was taken infrequently at lowland and lower montane sites on the transects of both G. Mulu and G. Api. In Brunei the majority of records have been from lowland forest but one specimen was taken in upper montane forest on Bukit Pagon.

Biology. Information on the early stages was found in Semper (1896-1902) and Bell (MS). In the Philippines the larva is pale green, broadest at the thorax, tapering smoothly to the abdomen; there is a narrow, dorsal grey band flanked by the blackish one that expands laterally into triangles on some segments, especially the first and fifth abdominal ones.

In India the shape is described as more spindle-shaped, broadest at the second abdominal segment. The head is a dirty olive green, setae arising from purplish spots. The body is a similar green, suffused purplish laterally and on the first two thoracic segments, the setae also arising from purplish dots. The segment margins are tinged yellow; the ventrum is pale green.

Bell stated that the larva lives on the upperside of old leaves, lying along the petiole and midrib, walking along the latter to feed at the leaf tip. It is well camouflaged and grips firmly. Pupation is in the soil in a solid silken cocoon.

In India the host is Mangifera and in the Philippines, Semecarpus, both in the Anacardiaceae. In Malaysia the species has been reared from Anisoptera (Dipterocarpaceae) by Dr Tho Yow Pong.

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