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Antiphalera Gaede
Antiphalera sumatrana Kiriakoff
comb. n.
Grangulina
sumatrana Kiriakoff,
1974: 377.
Grangulina
sumatran Kiriakoff;
Holloway 1976: 57, fig. 375.
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Antiphalera sumatrana 
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Diagnosis. The
elongate forewings with closely adjacent pale medial stigmata and double
fasciae, the postmedial exteriorly bidentate over the anterior half, distinguish
this species from other Bornean taxa. The long, widely spaced gnathal processes
and the broad serrate apex to the aedeagus in the male genitalia are also
distinctive.
Taxonomic note. The type species of Antiphalera Gaede, the N.E. Himalayan bilineata
Hampson, resembles sumatrana, the type species of Grangulina, very
closely in facies characters. Therefore Grangulina is here placed as a
synonym of Antiphalera, syn. n. Kiriakoff (1968) published an
illustration of male genitalia purporting to be those of bilineata but
they are in fact those of Phalera torpida Walker. It is thus highly
likely that the Nepalese Grangulina montana Kiriakoff, described with sumatrana,
will prove to be a junior synonym of bilineata when male material of
the latter has been located for comparison; for the time being it will merely be
combined with Antiphalera as A. montana Kiriakoff comb. n.
Geographical range. Sumatra, Borneo.
Habitat preference. The species is infrequent in upper montane forest
between about 1500 m and 2000 m. It has been taken on G. Kinabalu, Sabah, on G.
Mulu, Sarawak, and on Bukit Retak and Bukit Pagon in Brunei.
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